Restaurant smoking sections in South Africa and the perceived impact of the proposed smoke-free laws: evidence from a nationally representative survey
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University of Cape Town, School of Economics, Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, Economics of Tobacco Control, South Africa
Publication date: 2018-03-01
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2018;16(Suppl 1):A23
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ABSTRACT
Background:
In 2016 the South African Minister of
Health announced his intention to introduce tobacco control legislation to make
all public areas completely smoke-free. As such, restaurant smoking sections, introduced
in 2001, will become obsolete. This study aims to analyse current smoking
policies of restaurants in South Africa, whether and how these policies have changed over the
past decade, and restaurateurs' attitudes towards the proposed legislative
changes.
Methods:
From a population of nearly 12 000
restaurants, derived from four websites, we sampled 2000 restaurants,
stratifying by province and type (independent versus franchised) and
disproportionately sampling small strata to ensure meaningful analysis. We successfully
surveyed 741 restaurants, mostly telephonically. We also surveyed 60
franchisors from a population of 82 franchisors.
Results:
Currently 45% of restaurants in South Africa do not have smoking
sections, 44% have smoking sections outside and 11% have smoking sections
inside. Smoking areas are more common amongst independent restaurants (62%)
than franchised restaurants (43%). Of the restaurants with smoking sections,
33% of the smoking sections are busier than the non-smoking sections. 23% of
restaurants have changed their smoking policies in the past ten years, mostly
removing or reducing the size of the smoking sections. Customer requests (39%),
compliance with the law (35%) and cost and revenue pressures (14%) were the
main reasons for changing smoking policies. 91% of the restaurant respondents
support the current legislation, while 63% support the proposed legislative
changes. 68% of respondents who are aware of the proposed legislation support
it, compared to 58% of respondents who are not aware of the proposed
legislation.
Conclusions:
In contrast to the vehement opposition to the
1999 legislation, which resulted in restaurants going partially smoke-free in
2001, there is limited opposition from restaurants to the proposed 100%
smoke-free legislative changes. Support for the proposed legislation will
probably increase as knowledge thereof grows.