Introduction:
While there is high diversity of tobacco products across countries, most studies have focused on cigarettes smoking among men in high-income countries. Little is known about patterns of tobacco use, including smokeless form, among women in low- and middle-income countries in Asia.

Objectives:
To estimate the prevalence of various tobacco products use among Indonesian women and explore sociodemographic factors associated with tobacco use.

Methods:
Data were analyzed from the latest Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys (2017). We estimated weighted prevalence for different forms of tobacco use among woman in reproductive age aged 15 to 49 (n=49,627) and compared to estimates among married men aged 15 to 54 (n=10,009). Weighted multiple logistic regression examined association between sociodemographic factors and tobacco use among Indonesian women.

Results:
The prevalence of overall tobacco use among Indonesian women was 2.6% [95%CI 2.4%-2.8%] compared to 72.3% [71.2%-73.3%] among men. Among female tobacco users, as well as male, cigarette was the most commonly used tobacco product (83.8% [81.6%-85.8%] vs. 99.4% [99.2%-99.5%], respectively). Chewing tobacco with betel quid, a form of loose smokeless tobacco, was more popular among female tobacco users than male (13.0% [11.2%-15.0%] vs. 8.1% [5.9%-10.9%], respectively). Female smokers smoked on average 6 (IQR: 3-12) cigarettes per day and most of them smoked less than daily (57.4% [53.8%-60.9%)]). Older age, lower education, living in poorer household, and urban residence were associated with higher odds of tobacco use among Indonesian women.

Conclusion(s):
In 2017, the prevalence of tobacco use among Indonesian women was lower than men. Chewing tobacco with betel quid was more popular among female tobacco users. Distinct sociodemographic factors identified underscore the need of a tailored approach for tobacco control measures aimed for women.